Survey Paper on Massive MIMO in 5G Technology

Abstract

Massive MIMO is becoming an important technology for Fifth generation (5G) mobile communications as there is a dramatic increase in the usage of wireless devices. Massive MIMO improve key performances such as less data loss, less buffering, high data rate, high spectral efficiency and high throughput. Massive MIMO is an upgraded version of MIMO which includes massive number of antenna which are 100 times more than the traditional MIMO. The result increases 10 times of spatial efficiency and throughput. With the need for higher frequency bandwidth in 5G, the most used frequency band is in the 26–28 GHz range with extremely short wavelength. Thus, due to the large signal attenuation, it naturally causes the signal distribution distance to be shortened. Compared to 4G mobile communications, the overall performance of 5G may be lower than 4G with the higher frequency band, but it can be compensated by using more antennas for the large MIMO integrated with more antenna gain for each antenna element. The frequency range for massive MIMO that gains more attention is 30–300 GHz which is also known as millimeter-wave (mmWave). Massive MIMO uses millimeter-wave or mmWave which provides a wireless networking platform which consist a wireless network of small cells and provide very high data rate.